Are you prepared for the flu season? Find out what you should watch out for, and whether you’re at risk for complications.
What is Flu?
Influenza (flu) is a viral disease that develop very quickly, spreading through your upper respiratory tract and sometimes progressing to your lungs. It’s highly contagious and it’s spread through airborne water droplets (when someone coughs or sneezes) or through close contact with an infected person.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Flu?
General flu symptoms include a
- fever
- sore throat
- headache
- muscle pain
- stuffy nose
- cough
- body discomfort
Certain, more severe strains of flu can also cause vomiting and diarrhoea.
How do I Treat Normal Flu?
Most mild flu symptoms improve over 2 to 5 days, but it’s normal to still feel run down for a week or so. Make sure you get plenty of rest, continue drinking fluids, and take paracetamol or ibuprofen to help reduce pain and fever.
Antibiotics aren’t prescribed for flu, as they have no effect on viral infections, however your doctor might prescribe antiviral medication if you’re considered high risk.
How do I Know if I’m High Risk?
People who are high risk include those who are over the age of 65, pregnant women, young children, or people who have been diagnosed with:
- Kidney disease
- Liver disease
- A weakened immune system (for example HIV)
- Chronic lung disease (for example COPD)
- Heart disease
- Diabetes
When Should I See the Doctor?
If symptoms persist for longer than 2 weeks, or if you develop any of these serious symptoms, it’s time to see the doctor:
- Shortness of breath
- Severe chest pain
- Severe headache
- Confusion or dizziness
- Persistent vomiting
In the case of children, watch for rapid breathing or difficulty breathing, blue skin tone, refusing to take fluids, or if symptoms suddenly get worse.
How Can I Prevent Flu?
During flu season, wash your hands with warm water and soap every time you shake hands with someone or touch a surface that might be contaminated. Also, stay healthy by eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, exercising regularly, and taking a multivitamin and mineral supplement. You can also get a flu vaccine, which is available from most pharmacies, and recommended if you fall into the high risk category.